You wouldn’t think that a simple concept like the names we use to address others could be a source for cultural confusion, but anything is possible in Japan, and the new Vanishment of Haruhi Suzumiya (which seems to be the more official title than Disappearance) movie offers a few interesting examples. When Kyon wakes up one day to find himself in a universe in which Haruhi doesn’t exist, he searches high and low for her, eventually discovering that she attended a different high school in this new reality. When he finally finds her, he shouts out, “Haruhi!” but she’s taken aback, as calling someone by their first name implies a close relationship yet she’s only meeting him for the first time. Later, there’s a scene in which Kyon is standing on a roof with Yuki Nagato, the “humanoid interface” created by the Data Integration Thought Entity. Despite the fact that Kyon always calls her by her last name (“Nagato…”), he suddenly says, “Yuki,” and the audience gets a brief thrill that some new emotional event is about to happen to the two. But he was in fact commenting that it had started snowing, since yuki is also the word word for “snow” in Japan.
Even something as simple as how names work can be complex in Japanese.